Download VIBER X1™ Manual - VMI International AB

Vibration Measurement Instruments
Vibration Measurement
Instruments
Vibration
Measurement Instruments
VIBER X1™ Manual
VIBER
X1™X1™
Manual
VIBER
Manu
ment Instruments
ER X1™ Manual
Ver. 1.4
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Our X series of hand-held instrument
VIBER X1
VIBER X2
VIBER X5
VIBER X3
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Important
information
Important
information
Safety precautions
Vibration measurement and balancing involves measurement on rotating machines.
away
from parts
rotating
transducers
and cablescables
from
Keep a safe distance to
rotating
andparts.
secureSecure
transducers
and transducer
rotating
parts.parts.
Always
followfollow
company,
locallocal
and and
national
security
regulations!
from
rotating
Always
internal,
national
security
When working
withworking
weightswith
on the
rotor, on
always
follow
“locksecure
out tagthe
out”
proceduregulations!
When
weights
the rotor
always
start
res. Secure
start switch
with
lockemergency
and also use
the emergency
switch This
for douswitch
with the
a locker
and also
useathe
switch
for double safety.
is
ble safety. important
This is especially
important
the machine
is remote controlled. VMI
especially
when the
machinewhen
is remote
controlled.
International
AB takes
no responsibility
for any
on people
and machines.
VMI
International
AB takes
no responsibility
foraccidents
any accidents
on people
and
machines.
VMI International AB and our authorized dealers will take no
VMI
International
AB and our
authorizedand
dealers
takeresult
no
responsibility
for damages
on machines
plantswill
as the
responsibility
for
damages
on
machines
and
plants
as
the
result
of the use of VIBER X1™ measurements.
of the use of VIBER X1™ measurements.
Even though great efforts are made to make the information in
Even
thoughfree
great
efforts
areand
made
to make
information in
this manual
from
errors
to make
thethe
information
this
manual
free
from
errors
and
to
make
the
information
complete for the user, there could be items we have missed,
complete
user,amount
there could
be items we
missed,
because offor
thethe
large
of information.
Ashave
a result
of this,
because
of
the
large
amount
of
information.
As
a
result
this,
we might change and correct these items in later issues of
without
we
might
change
and
correct
these
items
in
later
issues
without
further notice. Also changes in the VIBER X1™ equipment may
further
notice.
in the of
VIBER
X1™ equipment may
take place
that Also
affectchanges
the accuracy
this information.
take place that affect the accuracy of the information.
3
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Instrument
overview
Instrument
overview
The VIBER
a portable
vibrometertotobe
be used
used in
The VIBER
X1™X1™
is a isportable
Vibrometer
in prevenpreventive
and
pro-active
maintenance
work,
especially
tive and active maintenance work, especially on rotatingon
machinery. rotating machinery. A complete set consists of an instrument,
carrying bag, a vibration transducer with magnet support and
A complete set consist of an instrument, carrying bag, a vibration
charger. VIBER X1™ measures the velocity (mm/s RMS)
transducer
magnet
support
charger.
in the with
frequency
range
2 Hz –and
maximum
frequency. The
VIBER
X1™
is
measuring
the
effective
velocity
RMS)
instrument has the capability to measure
up to 40(mm/s
kHz, the
in thelimiting
frequency
range
– maximum frequence.
The range
can be
factor
is the2 accelerometer.
The accelerometer
proviset byded
adjustable
filters,X1
high
pass fiup
lters
cankHz.
be set
Hz or 10 Hz,
with the Viber
measures
to 15
The2frequency
range
can be
setbe
byset
adjustable
pass filters
can be
low pass
filters
can
at 1 000filters.
Hz orHigh
maximum
frequency.
set to 2covers
Hz or 10
Hz.of the frequencies that will occur for the
This range
most
Lowofpass
filters can failures
be set at and
1000imperfections.
Hz or maximumExamples
frequency.are
majority
mechanical
This
range
covers
most
of
the
frequencies
that
will
occur
for gears,
unbalance, looseness, resonance, misalignment of shafts and
the majority of mechanical failures and defects. Examples are
cavitations and other fluid generated vibrations.
unbalance, looseness, resonance, misalignment of shafts and
The judgements
of the
are supported
gears, cavitation
andmeasured
other fluidlevels
generated
vibrations. by several
vibration
standards.
The
close
comparison
between
vibration
The vibration alerts are supported by several vibration
stanlevelsdards.
and actual
wear
of the machinery
will build
up local
The close
comparison
between vibration
levels
and
knowledge.
This experience
should
be your
usedknowledge.
to optimiseUse
the type of
actual machinery
wear will
build up
experience
to higher
determine
the actionare
required
actionthis
required
when
vibrations
found.when high
vibrations
are found.
A common standard
for vibration
ISO
A common
standard
for judgement
of vibrations
is ISO is10816-3
10816-3
and
may
be
available
from
domestic
standardisation
and may be available from domestic standardisation authority.
authority.is an upgrade of older standards that has been in use
This standard
This standard, in use for decades worldwide, is an upgrade
for several decades and has a worldwide acceptance as a
and excellent for continuous and long lasting operation of
good judgement for continuous and long lasting operation of
machinery.
machinery.
4
Vibration Measurem
ent Instruments
Vibration
Measurement
Instruments
Vibration
Measurement
Instruments
Functions
Functions
Functions
Power
the
instrument
StartStart
ofon
the
oftinstrument
the
instrument
St
ar
of th
e instrument
Prstart
esthe
s thkey
e staand
rt ke
y an
PressPress
the
the
instrument
tostarts
measure
On/Off
key
and
the
instrument
to meastart
key
and
the
instrument
to measure
d th
e in
strstarts
umenstarts
t starts to measure
vi
br
at
io
n,
de
sure vibration,
default
Hz
–immaximum
frequency
vibration,
default
is fa
2 ul
–istmaximum
frequency
range,
diodes
vibration,
default
2is –2ismaximum
frequency
range,
the diodes
–2m
ax
um frequency the
indica
rafilter
nge, the diodes
teand
sLED’s
lohigh
range,
the
the
low
and
high
pass
w
anindicate
d high
indicates
low
pass
fi
lters
indicates
low
and
high
pass
fisetting.
lters
setting.
pa
ss
filters setting.
The inThe
strwill
setting.
instrument
shuts
offautomatically
automatically
afterapproximately
um
enbe
t wshut
ill
The instrument
off
after after
approximately
The
instrument
will
bebe
shut
off
shautomatically
ut
of
f au
tom
atically after approx
4 minutes if no
approximately
minutes
if
no
keys
are
pressed.
imatel
keused
yare
4 minutes
if no ifkey
therintime.
4 minutes
noare
key
arused
eduring
usedduring
du
gthe
thetime.
time.
Improving
theinlight
Improving
light
Increase
display
brightness
Impr
ov
gthe
th
e light
This button can be
This Use
button
can
be
used
ifusthe
digits
need
anehigher
brightness
to beto be
This
button
can
beincrease
used
the
need
a higher
brightness
edifif
this
button
to
display
brightness.
thedigits
di
gits
ed a higher brightne
more visible.
ss to b
moremore
visible.
visible.
Changing
rangerange
Changing
frequency
C
hangfrequency
ing fr
equency range
Th
e Vi
The
Viber
X1™
ison
one
ofanalogical
few analogical
analoginstrument
instrument
availaber XX1™
1™
isis
The Viber
X1™
is one
of
that
has
The
Viber
one
of
instrument
that has
efew
of
fefew
w an
alogicUse
al instr
ad
ble
with
adjustable
frequency
ranges.
the
up/down
ju
um
sta
en
bl
t that has
e
fre
qu
enranges.
cy raranges.
adjustable
frequency
measure
in
other
frequency
adjustable
frequency
To
measure
in
other
frequency
ngTo
es
.
easure
in otup
to
change
the filters. To
ThemLED
lights
tofreshow
raarrows
ng
he
e, us
rThe
e up/down
qu
th
ency
e up
/dow
range,range,
use
the
arrows
to
change
the fithe
lters.
fiThe
lters
use
the
up/down
tochchange
filters.
filters
nthis
ararrows
ro
w
s
to
an
the
filter
in
use.
Use
to
compare
measurements
ge
th
LED will light up
e
fi
lte
rs
.
Th
e
fi
lte
rs
to
LED LED
will
light
up
to
show
the
fi
lter
in
use.
This
can
be
a
useful
will
light
up
to
show
the
fi
lter
in
use.
This
can
be
a
useful
sh
ow
th
filteISO
r in us
the
range. Note: thee old
standard
e. This had
fein
atur
cain
e; same
n 10
cocomparison
be
mpariscan
a us
ef
on
ul
feature;
comparison
be
done
with
measurements
the
feature;
can
be
done
with
measurements
in
the
ca
n
be
do
Hz as frequency range.neWe
recommend
to
with
measuremyou
sa-1000
me rang
en
ts10in-1000
e. NNotice
th
otHz
e
ic
easththe
samesame
range.
Notice
that
old
ISO
standard
had
10
-1000
Hz
range.
that
the
old
ISO
standard
had
Hz
atstandard
th
e
use
2
–
1000
a
range.
ol
d ISO standard ha
as frequency range.
000Hz
Hz
as frequency
range.range.
WeW
recommend
useto2use
– d1000
Hz
as frequency
We
recommend
you
210– -1
1000
e reco
mmenyou
d yoto
u to use 2 – 1000 H
as a standard rang
z
e.
as a standard
range.range.
as a standard
5
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Vibration
Measurement
Instruments
Vibration
Measurement
Instruments
Battery check
Battery
Battery
checkcheck
VIBER
a battery check.
thanless
10than
% 10 %
VIBER X1™
X1™ features
has an embedded
batteryWhen
check,less
when
VIBER
X1™
an embedded
battery
check,
whenthan
less than 10 %
VIBER
X1™capacity
has anhas
embedded
battery
check,
when
of
remains,
battery
LED
will
flash.
of the
the battery
battery
capacity
remains, the
the
battery
LED
will less
flash. 10 %
the battery
capacity
remains,
the battery
LEDflash.
will flash.
of the of
battery
capacity
remains,
the battery
LED will
Bearing condition
Bearing
condition
Bearing
condition
Press this symbol key and the measurement of bearing condition
Presssymbol
this symbol
key
the
measurement
of the
bearing
condition
Press
this
key and
theand
measurement
of bearing
condition
Startstart.
measuring
vibration
on
the
machine
then
press
symbol
will
The instrument
measures
instantaneously
a bearing
will
start.
The
instrument
measures
instantaneously
a
bearing
will
start.
The
instrument
measures
instantaneously
a
bearing
key for bearing
condition
measurement.
meacondition
value in
the range
between 500The
Hz instrument
to 20.000 Hz.
condition
value
the range
between
500
Hz.
condition
in
the ain
range
between
500
Hz
to Hz
20.000
Hz.
sures
Bearing
Condition
value
in to
the20.000
range
To
go instantaneously
backvalue
to vibration
measurements,
press
the
symbol
once
To
go
back
to
vibration
measurements,
press
the
symbol
once
To
go
back
to
vibration
measurements,
press
the
symbol
once
between 500 Hz to 16 000 Hz.
more.
more.
more.
To return to vibration measurement, press the symbol again.
Placing
of the measuring
point
Measuring
point location
Placing
the measuring
Placing
of theof
measuring
point point
Measurements should be taken on the bearing housing
The measurements
beand
taken
as close tovertical
the bearing
or as close asshould
possible
in on
theor
horizontal,
and as
The measurements
be on
taken
onclose
or as to
close
the bearing
as
The
measurements
shouldshould
be
taken
or
as
the to
bearing
as
possible
and
in
horizontal,
vertical
and
axial
directions.
axial directions.
possible
in horizontal,
vertical
anddirections.
axial directions.
possible
and inand
horizontal,
vertical
and axial
V
V
6
Vibration Measurement Instruments
How toHow
make
good measurements
to make
good measurements
The sensitivity
direction
the transducer
coincides
The sensitivity
direction
of theoftransducer
coincides
withwith
the
the
center
axis
of
the
transducer.
Use
the
built
in
centre axis of the transducer. The transducer end (withmagnetic
the
mount
by gently
placing
the accelerometer
onto the meamagnetic
support)
is pushed
firmly
against the measurement
surement
point.
Wait
a
few
seconds
for
the
accelerometer
point. The main purpose is to make the complete transducer to
to come toina the
steady
state of
to the
reduce
unwanted noise.
youto
fully participate
motion
measurement
point.IfTry
are
connecting
to
a
non-magnetic
surface,
push
firmly
hold the transducer in a vertical, horizontal or axial direction as
against
measurement
point. Make
surehave
you have
possible,
eventhe
if the
machine surface
does not
thesegood
contact with the machine. It you are measuring on a curved
directions. Read the instrument held with the free hand. Note a
surface, make sure the accelerometer is attached and not
stable reading as well as a fluctuating one, since the fluctuation
moving back and forth. Attach the transducer in a vertiitself is valuable information regarding the reason for the
cal, horizontal or axial direction, if possible. Note if the
vibration.
reading is stable or fluctuating. The non-stable reading is
also valuable information used to determine the vibration
When the
transducer is mounted with the magnet the frequency
cause.
range of the measurement is reduced to about 2 000 - 3 000Hz
depending
onthe
thetransducer
flatness ofisthe
measuring
surface.
When
mounted
with the
magnet, the
frequency range of the measurement is reduced to about
2000 – 3000 Hz depending on the flatness of the contact
Note! between magnet and surface.
When using the magnet the bearing condition value can be
Note! changed.
substantially
Using
magnet
can change
the bearingcause
condition
value.
Vibrations
at the
high
frequencies
can sometimes
measurement
High frequency vibration can sometimes be difficult to collack of confidence. Pressing the transducer more firmly should
lect because high vibration does not transmit through the
not change the reading. If in doubt, always try to adjust the
machine for long distances. Pressing the transducer more
contact point first. Secondly, if necessary, mount the transducer
firmly should not change the reading. If in doubt, always
with the
stud. the contact point first. Secondly, if necessary,
tryM6
to adjust
mount the transducer with the M6 stud.
All normal measurements on vertical or horizontal machinery
7 axes of true vertical,
should follow the three perpendicular
Vibration Measurement Instruments
horizontal
and axial
directions. The
reason or
is that
you should keep
All normal
measurements
on vertical
horizontal
to themachinery
main stiffness
directions
caused
by
normal
non
should follow the three perpendicularsymmetrical
axes of
properties
of
the
supports
etc. It will result in
true vertical,foundation,
horizontal piping,
and axial
directions.
better understanding if the basic measurements are made in this
way. The VIBER X1™ is mainly intended for measurements
against the machinery housing and bearings to compare
to standards.
The VIBER
mainly
intended
measurements
against
VIBERX1™
X1™iscan
also be
used tofor
measure
other compothe housing
and
bearings
of
machinery
according
to
the
intentions
nents such as piping, valves, etc.
of the standards. You can also use it to measure other parts such
as piping,
etc.cases,
Notethe
thatmass
in some
cases
the mass
of the
Note:valves,
In some
of the
transducer
may
transducer
may
infl
uence
the
reading.
A
good
rule
is
to
consider
influence the reading. A good rule is to avoid readings
readings
on surfaces
aretimes
lowerlower
in mass
than 10
the mass
on surfaces
thatthat
are 10
in mass
of times
the transof theducer.
transducer.
8
Vibration Measurement Instruments
How How
to interpret
vibration
measurements
to interpret
vibration
measurements
A user with no previous experience, should use the ISO
A user10816-3
with nostandard.
previous experience to interpret the results is
recommended to use the ISO 10816-3 standard.
The standard normally calls for a velocity measurement
The standard
a measurewhat
in velocity
based on
in mm/snormally
RMS. Tocalls
betterforunderstand
this meamm/ssurement
RMS. Tomeans,
better understand
what
this
measure
means
think of it as how fast the machine it can
be helpful
to
consider
the
reading
as measure
a mean value
the back and
is moving back and forth.
This
givesofa good
forward
motion.
This
measure
gives
a
good
understanding
understanding of the amount of “break down energy”,of the
amount
of “break
down
energy”,
causing
mainly
wearorand
causing
mainly
wear
and fatigue
in the
machine
thefatigue
work,structure.
in the machine or the structure being measured.
The instrument
is measuring
thethe
total
RMS-value
of thevalue
vibration
The instrument
measures
total
RMS vibration
in actual
frequency
range.
This
RMS-value
is
an
average
sum of
in the frequency range. This RMS value is the average
all thesum
measured
vibrations.
of all the measured vibrations.
Example:
Example:
If the simultaneous vibration caused by unbalance is
If the(4mm/s),
simultaneous
vibration caused
by unbalance
is (4mm/s),
by
by misalignment
(2 mm/s)
and by the
gear
misalignment
(2
mm/s)
and
by
the
gear
mesh
(5
mm/s)
then
the
mesh (5 mm/s) then the total vibration measured with
total vibration
measured
VIBER X1™ is 6.7 mm/s.
VIBER X1™
is 6.7with
mm/s.
4 +*24*+22+*52*+55=*6.7mm
Total Total
vibration
= √4=* √4
vibration
5 = 6.7mm
Notice
that athat
reduction
of theofunbalance
from from
4 mm/s
to 1 mm/s
Notice
a reduction
the unbalance
4 mm/s
to
will reduce
the
total
value
from
6,
7
mm/s
to
5,
5
mm/s.
1 mm/swill reduce the total value from 6, 7 mm/s to 5,
5 mm/s.
9
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Vibration Measurement Instruments
The
ISO
standard
isisclassifying
the machinesdifferently
differently if the
TheThe
ISOISO
standard
classifying
standard
classifies the
the machines
machines differently ifif the
the
machines
are
considered
as
fl
exible
or
rigid
mounted.
This
reflects
machines
are considered
exibleThis
or rigid
mounted.
This
refl
machines
are flexibleas
orflrigid.
reflects
the location
ofects
thethelocation
of
the
machines
stiff-body
resonance’s
related
to
location
of the stiff-body
machines stiff-body
related
thethe
the
machine’s
resonance resonance’s
related to the
basicto
runbasic
running
speed
of
the
machine.
basic
running
the machine.
ning
speedspeed
of theofmachine.
For
instance,
aamachine
supported
by rubber
rubber
springs
have
For
instance,
machine
supported
by
ororsprings
have
For
example,
a machine
supported
by rubber
or springs
resonance’s
lowrunning
running
speeds.
machine
resonance’s
atatlow
The
machine
startsvibrate
vibrate
have a resonance
at lowspeeds.
runningThe
speeds.
Thestarts
machine
certain
lowrpm.
rpm.
When
the speed
speed
isisthe
increased
above
these
startslow
vibrate
atWhen
a low the
rpm.
When
speed is
increased
at at
certain
increased
above
these
resonance
frequencies
the vibration
vibration
isis reduced.
This
abovefrequencies
these
resonance
frequencies,
the vibration
ismachine
redu- is is
resonance
the
reduced.
Thismachine
considered
exible.
ced. This
machine is considered flexible.
considered
flflexible.
Resonance
easilybe
found
when
a flexible
machine
isis is
resonance
caniseasily
easily
be
found
when
aaflflexible
machine
AA
resonance
can
found
when
exible
machine
running
updown
or down
in speed.
resonances
are located
at
running
up or
in speed.
The The
resonances
are located
running up or down in speed. The resonances are locatedat at
speed
where
the vibration
a local
maximum
the the
rpm´s
where
the vibration
has ahas
local
maximum
level.level.
the rpm´s where the vibration has a local maximum level.
10
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Modern machines often run at high speed and bearing-supports
Modern machines often run at high speed and bearingare flexible, foundations should/can be evaluated as flexible, even
supports are flexible, foundations should/can be evaluawhen it is not mounted on rubber or springs.
ted as flexible, even when it is not mounted on rubber or
springs.
The ISO 10816-3 standard allows for slightly higher limits when
a foundation is considered flexible than when if it is rigid.
The ISO 10816-3 standard allows for slightly higher
A conclusion from this is also that a resonance condition in
limits when a foundation is considered flexible than
principle is not allowed or at least must be avoided at operating
rigid. A conclusion from this is a resonance condition
speeds. In practice this also includes the double speed as well as
should not be allowed or at least must be avoided at
any other natural excitation frequency such as blade passage etc.
operating speeds. In practice, this also includes the
double speed as well as any other natural excitation
A great advantage with proper vibration measurements and the
frequency such as blade passage.
use of vibration standards is that you can judge the future
maintenance cost reliably already at first start-up. If you find
A great advantage with proper vibration measurements
levels above 3 mm/s RMS, you can be rather sure that the machine
and the use of vibration standards is that you can judge
will cause increased activities in maintenance.
the future maintenance cost reliably at start-up. If you
The specific cost and action is of course individual to the
find levels above 3 mm/s RMS, it’s a risk that the machmachine design.
ine will have higher maintenance cost. The specific cost
and action is specific to the machine design.
The next logical step is therefore to apply more advanced
analyzers like VIBER X2™, X3™ or X5™ to learn the frequency
The next logical step if you want to improve the acbehind the vibration and thus the exact mechanical fault.
curacy of measurements is to use more advanced
The practice of this is beyond the scope of this manual.
analyzers like VIBER X2™, X3™ or X5™ to learn and
detect the frequency behind the vibration and thus the
exact mechanical fault. The practice of this is beyond
the scope of this manual.
11
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Recommended
vibration levels in mm/s and
Recommended vibration levels in mm/s and
common
fi
ndings
common findings
The following is an extraction of part of the old standard ISO
The following
partmachines
an extraction
of the
old standard
2372 classis4,in
large
on flexible
foundations,
withISO 2372
class 4,
large
machines
on fladded.
exibleUse
foundations,
with
comsome
common
findings
this simplified
listsome
as a first
when approaching a newly commissioned machine
mon fiindication,
ndings added.
or after some time in operation. Investigate the reason for any
machineed
that
This simplifi
listvibrates
can be used, as a first indication, when
above
3
mm/s
RMS.newly commissioned or after some
approaching a machine
time in operation.
•
0 – 3 mm/s
Take as a rule to investigate the reason for any machine that viSmall vibrations - None or very small bearing wear. Rather
brateslow
above
3 mm/s RMS.
noise level.
•
• 0 – 3 3mm/s
– 7 mm/s
SmallNoticeable
vibrationsvibration
- None levels
or very
wear.toRather
aresmall
often bearing
concentrated
some low
noise specific
level. part as well as direction of the machine. Visible
bearing wear. Seal problems occur in pumps and increased
noise
Keep the machine under observation and measure
•
3 level.
– 7 mm/s
at smaller
time intervals
than before
to detect to
a deterioration
Noticeable
vibration
levels often
concentrated
some specific
trend
if
any.
Compare
vibrations
to
other
operating
variables.
part as well as direction of the machine. Visible bearing
wear.
Seal problems occur in pumps and increased noise level. Keep
•
7 – 18 mm/s
the machine under observation and measure at smaller time interLarge vibrations. Bearings running hot. Bearing wear-out
vals than
before to detect a deterioration trend if any.
causes frequent replacements. Seals wear out, leakage of all
Compare
to other
operating
kindsvibrations
evident. Cracks
in welding
andvariables.
concrete foundations.
Screws and bolts are loosening. High noise level. Plan action
soonest. Do your best to discover the cause. You are wearing
down investments quickly.
12
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Vibration Measurement Instruments
• 7 – 1818mm/s
– mm/s
•
Recommended
vibration levels in mm/s and
Very
large
vibrations
and high
noise
levels. This ismeasures
detrimental
the bearing
symbol
and
the
the bearing
LargePress
vibrations.
Bearings
running
hot.instrument
Bearing wear-out cause
common
findings
to the
safe operation of the machine. Stop operation if technicondition
value. Seals wear out, leakage of all kinds evident.
frequent
replacements.
cally or economically possible. Few machines can withstand
Bearing
condition
value
is foundations.
RMSany
value
of
all
high
frequency
Cracks
welding
concrete
Screws
and
bolts
arevibraThe
following
is inand
part
an extraction
of
the
old
standard
ISO
thisinlevel
without
damage.
Reduce
further
running
time
to 2372
tions
in
the
range
of
500
Hz
to
maximum
frequency.
loosening.
High
noise
level.
Plan
action
soonest.
Do
your
best
to
class
4,
large
machines
on
fl
exible
foundations,
with
some
coman absolute minimum.
has the
g (= down
m/s²) investments quickly.
revealfiThis
the average
reason.
You
are unit
wearing
mon
ndings
added.
•
18 –edmm/s
This
simplifi
list can be used, as a first indication, when
condition
Very large vibrations
and
high Bearing
noise
levels.
This
is symbol
detrimental
to
Bearing
condition
approaching
a machine
newly
commissioned
or after
some
the safe
operation of the machine. Stop operation if technically
time
in operation.
or economically
considering
stop cost.that
FewviTake
as a rule to possible
investigate
the reasonthe
forplant
any machine
Press
the3bearing
symbol.
The instrument
measuresReduce
the
machines
can
withstand
this level
without damage.
any
brates
above
mm/s
RMS.
Bearing
condition
value
bearing
condition
Bearing minimum.
condition value is the RMS
further
running
time tovalue.
an absolute
value of all high frequency vibrations in the range of 500 Hz
•
0bearing
– 3 mm/s
The
condition This
value
in VIBER
X1™
to maximum
frequency.
average
has the
unit gis an average value,
SmallRMS
vibrations
None
or very
small bearing
wear.
Rather500
lowHz and
value,-of
all high
frequency
vibrations
between
noisemaximum
level.
frequency.
Bearing
condition
value with the unit “g” because high frequenThis
value
is an average
•
– 7 mm/s
cies3give
a larger signal compared with velocity, if it is measured
Noticeable
vibration
levels often
concentrated
This
value
is an average
with the
unit “g”. to some specific
in
acceleration.
We
use as
acceleration
because
high frequencies
a larger
part as
well
direction
of
the
machine.
Visible
bearing
When the balls or rollers rotate inside
the give
bearing
awear.
wide-band
signal compared
to
velocity,
if measured
in noise
acceleration.
Seal problems
occur
in
pumps
and
increased
level.
Keep
noise
and
vibration
arises.
This
noise
and
vibration
are
increased
When the
balls observation
or rollers rotate
inside
the bearing,
a widethe machine
under
and
measure
at
smaller
time
interif
the
bearing
is
poorly
lubricated,
overloaded
due
to
misalignmen
band noise and vibration occurs. This noise and vibration
vals than
before
to detect
a deterioration trend if any.
or
has
a ifdamaged
surface.
increase
the bearing
is poorly lubricated, overloaded due to
Compare
vibrations
to
other
operating
variables.
If
the selectedorfrequency
bandsurface.
includes
low frequencies, the
misalignment
has a damaged
If the selected
frequency
includes
low frequencies,
the from
bearing
condition
valueband
would
also include
vibrations
bearing condition
value would
also
include
vibrations
from
unbalance,
misalignment,
etc.
and
not only
from bearing
vibration
unbalance,
etc. and
from bearing
and
wouldmisalignment,
therefore be diffi
cultnot
to only
interpret.
vibrations.
If
the selected frequency band only includes very high frequency
noise and vibrations we would need special vibration transducers
13
that are very rigidly and closely mounted to the bearing because
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Press the bearing symbol and the instrument measures the bearing
If thevalue.
selected frequency band only includes very high
condition
frequency
noise
andisvibrations,
we of
would
needfrequency
special vibraBearing condition
value
RMS value
all high
vibration transducers that are very rigidly and closely
tions in the range of 500 Hz to maximum frequency.
mounted to the bearing because the machine structure
This average has the unit g (= m/s²)
works as a mechanical filter for high frequencies. VIBER
X1™ measures the bearing condition value between 500
Hz to 16 kHz. Normal machinery vibrations rarely have
condition
vibrations above 500Bearing
Hz.
Note!
A high bearing condition value is an indication and a
Bearing
condition value
recommendation to continue with other fault analysis.
High bearing condition values can appear at gear boxes,
The bearing condition value in VIBER X1™ is an average value,
converting machines with cutters and similar machines
RMS without
value, ofany
allbearing
high frequency
vibrations
between 500
faults because
they “naturally”
pro-Hz and
maximum
frequency.
duce frequencies above 500 Hz.
This value is an average with the unit “g” because high frequencies give a larger signal compared with velocity, if it is measured
in acceleration.
When the balls or rollers rotate inside the bearing a wide-band
noise and vibration arises. This noise and vibration are increased
if the bearing is poorly lubricated, overloaded due to misalignment
or has a damaged surface.
If the selected frequency band includes low frequencies, the
bearing condition value would also include vibrations from
unbalance, misalignment, etc. and not only from bearing vibrations
and would therefore be difficult to interpret.
If the selected frequency band only includes very high frequency
noise and vibrations we would need special vibration transducers
that are very rigidly and closely mounted
to the bearing because
14
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Vibration
Measurement
the
machine
structureInstruments
works as a mechanical filter for high
Bearing condition value with unit “g” RMS
frequencies.
Bearing
condition
value
unit
RMS
BearingX1™
condition
value with
with
unit “g”
“g”
RMS value between
VIBER
is measuring
the bearing
condition
The
a guide
to identify
bearing
500 Hz
to diagram
20 kHz. below
Withinisthis
frequency
rangethe
a common
The
above
is
the
bearing
condition
condition
value.
vibrations
other
causes
(e.g.
flow
The diagram
diagram
above
isIfaevaluation
a guide
guide to
to identify
identify
the
bearing
condition
experience
exist
in the
ofofthe
bearing
condition
level.
value.
If
vibrations
of
other
causes
(e.g.
fl
ow
surge,
gear
are
surge,
gear mesh)
are within
in(e.g.
the frequency
value.
Ifmachinery
vibrations
of other
causes
flow
surge,range
gear mesh)
mesh)
are
Normal
vibrations
rarely
have
vibrations
above
500 Hz.
within
in
the
frequency
range
500
–
6400
Hz
this
can
give
a
high
500
16frequency
000 Hz this
can 500
give–a16
high
within
in–the
range
000bearing
Hz thiscondition
can give a high
bearing
condition
without
the
being
damaged.
value,
withoutvalue,
the bearing
damaged.
A high
beabearing
condition
value,
withoutbeing
the bearing
bearing
being
damaged.
ring
condition
value can
also
indicated
if the bearing
A high
bearing
condition
value
canbealso
be indicated
if the bearing
A
bearing
condition
value
can also be indicated if the bearing
is poorly
lubricated
or
overloaded.
is high
poorly
lubricated
or overloaded.
Note!
is
poorly
lubricated
or
overloaded.
A high bearing condition value is an indication and a
recommendation to continue with other fault analysis.
High bearing condition values can appear at gear boxes,
converting machines with cutters and similar machines without
any bearing faults because they “naturally” produce frequencies
above 500 Hz.
15
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Bearing condition value with unit “g” RMS
The
diagram above
is a guide
Technical
data VIBER
X1to identify the bearing condition
value. If vibrations of other causes (e.g. flow surge, gear mesh) are
within
in the
frequency
range 500 –Standard
6400 nom
Hz100
this can(Adjusted
givetoathe
high
Vibration
transducer
Accelerometer
mV/g
instrument)
bearing condition value, without the bearing being damaged.
Input amplitude
range
Vibration
Max 20 g RMS
With other sensor up
to 200 g
Max 20 gBC
A high bearing condition value can also
be indicated if the bearing
Dynamic range
60 dB (159 Hz)
is poorly lubricated or overloaded.
Frequency range
Bearing condition
2 - 1000 Hz
10 - 1000 Hz
2 - Max Hz
10 - Max Hz
Vibration
Bearing condition
Vibration units
0.5 to 16 kHz
g-value, mm/s
Amplitude
presentation
Note 2
RMS
Signal processing
Accuracy
Note 1
Analogous
Vibration
±3%
Note 3
Bearing condition
±5%
Note 4
Battery
Rechargable Lithium or NiMH (AAA)
Note 5
Operating time
Min 24 or 12 hours for a full charged battery
pack
Note 6
External charger
5,0 V Lithium or 7,5 V NiMH (AAA)
LED display
7 segment
Enclosure protection
IP65
Operating temp.
range
-20 to 60°C
Weight
285 gram
Size (L x W x H)
125mm x 70mm x 40mm
16
Note 7
Vibration Measurement Instruments
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS VIBER X1™
Technical data VIBER X1
INPUT
SENSITIVITY:
100mV/g calibrated at 156.15 Hz.
Note
1. User selectable
MEASURING RANGE:
Velocity: 0-200 mm/s RMS
Note 2. User
selectable
FREQUENCY
RANGE:
Total level 2-3200 Hz
Adjustable filters: 2-10, 1000 - maximum
Note 3. Full scale is 199,9
Hz mm/s for vibration.
Bearing condition 500 Hz – 20 kHz
Note 4. Over 0,05 gBC
WEIGHT:
270 gram with accelerometer and
Note 5. Capacity of batteries
batteries is 2300 mA/h for lithium and 1100 mA/h
NiMH. If using
Thefor
measurement
mainlyalkaline
follows ISO10816-3.
batteries, never
connect a charger to the ACCURACY*:
instrument. Better than +/- 3 %
* This value can(storage
be higher,
close-20
to the
lters60
cut°C).
off frequency.
temp.
to fimax
Note 6.
Operating times
on intensity on the BATTERY
TYPE:
3 pcdepends
of AAA Rechargeable
LED:s and type of batteries. Ca: 24 hours for Lithium and Ca: 12 hours for NiMH.
VIBRATION
TRANSDUCER*
The accelerometer VMI 192 has a sensitivity 100mV/g +/-10%.
Note 7. Instrument, including battery and transducer.
MAGNET
Obs.SUPPORT
You should avoid using other accelerometers Length:
Diameter:of15mm,
Magnetcalibration.
force: aboutIf14kg
20mm, because
instrument
you change the accelerometer, the instrument Note! must be calibrated to preserve the accuracy.
You must avoid to use other accelerometers bacause of the calibration.
If you change accelerometer the instrument must be calibrated to
preserve the accuracy.
17
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Technical specifications for VMI 192
Technical specifications for VMI 192
Sensitivity (+/-10%)
100mV/g
Sensitivity
(+/-10%)
Frequency
response 100mV/g
(±3dB) 0.4–13000Hz
Frequency response
(±3dB) 0.4–13000Hz
(±10%) 1.0-9000Hz
(±10%)±80
1.0-9000Hz
Dynamic Range
g, peak
Dynamic
Rangeresonance
±80 g, 26000Hz
peak
Internal
InternalSettling
resonance
26000Hz
time
<2 Seconds
SettlingBias
timeVoltage
<2 Seconds
10-14VDC
Bias Voltage
10-14VDC
Temperature range
-50 to 121 °C
Temperature
rangeShock Protection
-50 to 121
Maximum
5000°Cg, peak
• We reserve the right to modify or improve the designs or
Maximum
Shock
Protection
5000
g,
peak
Electromagnetic
Sensitivity
CE-Certifi
ed
specifications of our products at any time without notice.
Electromagnetic
Sensitivity
CE-Certifi
ed
Weight (without
magnet)
51 grams
WeightDeclaration
(without magnet)
51 grams
Mounting
stud
M6 Adapter stud
of conformity
Mounting
stud Torque
M6 Adapter
Mounting
2.7-6.8stud
Nm
Mounting
2.7-6.8 Nm in conformity with
VMITorque
declares that the Viber X1™ is manufactured
•
•
We reserve
national
and the right to modify or improve the designs or
cations
of our or
products
at the
anydesigns
time without
notice.
Weinternational
reservespecifi
the right
to modify
improve
or
regulations.
specifications of our products at any time without notice.
The system complies with, and is tested according to, following
requirements:
Declaration of conformity
EMC Directive:
2004/108/EC
Declaration
of conformity
Low
VMIVoltage
declaresDirective:
that the Viber
X1™2006/95/EC
is manufactured in conformity with national an
8international
August
2011
VMI declares
that
theregulations.
Viber X1™ is manufactured in conformity with national and
international
regulations.
The system
complies with, and is tested according to, following requirements:
The system complies with, and is tested according to, following requirements:
EMC Directive:
EMC Directive:
Low Voltage Directive:
Low Voltage Directive:
2004/108/EC
2004/108/EC
2006/95/EC
2006/95/EC
8 August 2011
8 August
2011 Measurement Instrument International AB
Vibration
(VMI)
Vibration Measurement Instrument International
AB
(VMI)
18
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Warranty
Warranty disclaimer
disclaimer
VMI
VMI warrants
warrants the
the products
products to
to be
be free
free from
from defects
defects in
in material
material and
and workmanship
workmanship
under
normal
use
and
service
within
two
years
from
the
date
of
under normal use and service within two years from the date of purchase
purchase and
and which
which
from
from our
our examination
examination shall
shall disclose
disclose to
to our
our reasonable
reasonable satisfaction
satisfaction to
to be
be defective.
defective.
Warranty
claimed
products
shall
be
returned
prepaid
to
VMI
for
service.
We
reserve
Warranty claimed products shall be returned prepaid to VMI for service. We reserve
the
the right
right to
to repair
repair or
or to
to replace
replace defective
defective products.
products.Always
Always try
try to
to explain
explain the
the nature
nature
of
rst all
of any
any service
service problem;
problem; by
by e-mail
e-mail or
or telephone.
telephone. Check
Check fifirst
all natural
natural problems,
problems,
like
like empty
empty batteries,
batteries, broken
broken cables,
cables, etc.
etc. IfIf returning
returning the
the product,
product, be
be sure
sure to
to indicate
indicate
that
that the
the purpose
purpose isis to
to make
make repairs
repairs and
and indicate
indicate the
the original
original invoice
invoice number
number and
and
date
of
shipment.
date of shipment.
Warranty
Warranty exclusions
exclusions
Damage
Damage not
not resulting
resulting from
from aa defect
defect in
in material
material or
or workmanship
workmanship or
or by
by other
other than
than
normal
normal use.
use. Damage
Damage resulting
resulting from
from repairs
repairs performed
performed other
other than
than by
by an
an authorized
authorized
service
centre.
The
limited
two
year
warranty
and
remedies
contained
herein
service center. The limited two year warranty and remedies contained herein are
are in
in
lieu
of
all
other
warranties,
expressed
or
implied
including
any
warranty
of
merlieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied including any warranty of merchantability
tness for
chantability and
and any
any warranty
warranty of
of fifitness
for aa particular
particular purpose,
purpose, and
and all
all other
other remremeedies,
obligations
or
liabilities
on
our
part.
In
addition,
we
hereby
disclaim
liability
dies, obligations or liabilities on our part. In addition, we hereby disclaim liability
for
for consequential
consequential damages
damages for
for breach
breach of
of any
any expressed
expressed or
or implied
implied warranty,
warranty, incluincluding
any implied
warranty
of merchantability
and implied
any implied
warranty
of
ding any implied
warranty
of merchantability
and any
warranty
of fitness
fifor
tness
for
a
particular
purpose.
The
duration
of
any
implied
warranty
which
might
a particular purpose. The duration of any implied warranty which might exist by
exist
by operation
of law
be to
limited
to one
year
date of original
operation
of law shall
be shall
limited
one year
from
thefrom
date the
of original
retail retail
purchase.
purchase.
NOTE:
NOTE: Some
Some countries
countries do
do not
not allow
allow the
the exclusion
exclusion or
or limitation
limitation of
of consequential
consequential
damages,
and
some
countries
do
not
allow
limitation
on
how
long
damages, and some countries do not allow limitation on how long an
an implied
implied
warranty
warranty lasts,
lasts, so
so the
the above
above exclusions
exclusions or
or limitations
limitations may
may not
not apply
apply to
to you.
you. This
This
warranty
gives
you
specifi
c
legal
rights
and
you
may
also
have
other
rights
warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights that
that
vary
vary from
from country
country to
to country.
country. IfIf you
you have
have problems
problems with
with your
your instrument
instrument during
during or
or
after
rst contact
after the
the warranty
warranty period,
period, fifirst
contact your
your distributor
distributor you
you purchased
purchased the
the unit
unit from.
from.
19
VMI International AB
Sweden • www.vmiab.com